fa بررسی سیتوژنتیکی جمعیت های ذغال اخته (.Cornus mas L) در ایران گیاه شناسی Botany مقاله پژوهشی Research Article <p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" dir="rtl" class="BasicParagraph" align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="1"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.3pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><strong>سابقه و هدف:</strong></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"> ذغال اخته (</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: NL" dir="ltr" lang="NL"><span dir="ltr"></span>. Cornus mas L</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>) متعلق به خانواده (</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">Cornaceae</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>) ، درختچه بلند یا درخت کوچک </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE">برگ ریز به ارتفاع 5 تا 8 متر است و در منطقه ی وسیعی از اروپا، آسیا به خصوص ایران، ارمنستان و قفقاز می روید. زغال اخته به دلیل داشتن گل های زیبا به عنوان گیاه زینتی کشت می شود. میوه زغال اخته نه تنها به صورت تازه خوری بلکه در تهیه مربا، ژله، مارمالاد، شربت و انواع نوشیدنی ها بکار می رود. همچنین به دلیل خواص ساقه، میوه و هسته، به عنوان دارو استفاده می شود. با وجود کاربرد وسیع، تاکنون مطالعه جامعی بر روی این گیاه در ایران صورت نگرفته است.<p></p></span></font></font></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" dir="rtl" class="BasicParagraph" align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="1"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><strong>مواد و روش ها:</strong> در این تحقیق 6 جمعیت از گونه </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">Cornus</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">mas</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span> جمع آوری شده از 3 نقطه ایران با استفاده از مریستم انتهایی ریشه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند و تعداد و ابعاد کروموزوم ها در تقسیم میتوز اندازه گیری و فرمول کاریوتیپی هر جمعیت تعیین شد. <p></p></span></font></font></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" dir="rtl" class="BasicParagraph" align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="1"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><strong>یافته ها:</strong></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"> تعداد کروموزوم پایه در جمعیت ها، 9 و نوع کروموزوم ها از نوع متاسانتریک، ساب متاسانتریک و ساب تلو </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE">سانتریک بود. بیشترین میانگین طول کروموزوم متعلق به جمعیت </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>2 (47/7 میکرون) و کمترین آن متعلق به جمعیت </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>3 (50/3 میکرون) بود. جمعیت های مورد مطالعه با استفاده از روش استبینز از نظر کاریوتیپی نیز مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. جمعیت های </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>2 و </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>3 در کلاس </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">A</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>1 و سایر جمعیت ها در کلاس </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">A</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>2 قرار داشتند، بنابر این جمعیت های </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>2 و </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>3 نسبت به سایر جمعیت های مورد بررسی متقارن تر و در نتیجه ابتدایی تر می باشند. فرمول کاریوتیپی جمعیت های </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>1، </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>2، </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>4 و </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>5 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>براساس روش لوان و همکاران، 10</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">m</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>+ 8</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">sm</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-YE"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و جمعیت های </span></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>3 و </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>6،<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>6</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">m</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>+12</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">sm</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span> تعیین گردید.<p></p></span></font></font></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" dir="rtl" class="BasicParagraph" align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="1"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><strong>نتیجه گیری:</strong> بررسی سیتولوژیکی این نمونه ها بیانگر تفاوت هایی جزئی در این نمونه نسبت به سایر نمونه ها بود،<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>بطور مثال در نمونه </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" dir="ltr">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><span dir="rtl"></span>5، جفت کروموزوم شماره 4 دارای ستلایت می باشد. <p></p></span></font></font></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" dir="rtl" class="BasicParagraph" align="justify"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi" lang="AR-YE"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="1"><p></p></font></font></span></p><p align="justify"><font size="1"> </font></p> <p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: ltr" class="BasicParagraph"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: 0.8pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">Aim and background</span></b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: 0.8pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">.</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: 0.6pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS"> Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) belongs to the family Cornace</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">ae. It is a tall deciduous shrub or small tree of 5 to 8 m high. This plant is popular in Southern Europe and Asia. Fruits of these species are not only consumed fresh but also used to produce jam, jelly, stewed fruit, marmalade, syrup and several types of soft drinks. It is also used for medicinal purposes due to properties of stalk and fruits. The leaves and seed of this species is used in pharmaceuticals. The tree is also valuable for ornamentation as an evergreen broadleaf plant. </span></font><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS"><font face="Times New Roman">Despite the widespread use of cornelian cherry, a few studies on this plant have been conducted in Iran. <p></p></font></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: ltr" class="BasicParagraph"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">Materials and Methods</span></b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">. In this research 6 populations of Cornus mas belongs to Cornus genus that collected from 3 locations of Iran, studied using root apex meristem, number and dimensions of chromosomes in the mitosis division measured, and determined karyotypic formula for any population. <p></p></span></font></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: ltr" class="BasicParagraph"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">Results</span></b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">.The number of genome was 9 and kind of chromosome was metacentric, sub-metacentric and sub-telocentric. The most and lowest mean of chromosome length belongs to C2 population (47.7 micron) and C3 population (3.50 micron) respectively. The populations were compared using stebbins method based on karyotype. C2 and C3 lied in 1A class and other populations in 2A class, so C2 and C3 populations were symmetrical than others. Karyotypic </span></font><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% LETTER-SPACING: 0.05pt FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS"><font face="Times New Roman">formula of C1, C2, C4, C5 and C3 and C6 was determined as 10m+8sm and 6m+12m respectively. <p></p></font></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: ltr" class="BasicParagraph"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS">Conclusion.</span></b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 120% FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: CS" lang="CS"> Cytological samples showed minor differences in this sample compared to other samples, for example, a satellite is in samples C5 pairs of chromosome No. 4.</span></font></p> کروموزوم، سیتوژنتیک، ذغال اخته، ایران Chromosome, Cornus mas, Cytogenetic 71 78 http://ncmbjpiau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-43-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 farangis ghanavati فرنگیس قنواتی f_ghanavati83@yahoo.com 09876 1003194753284600651 Yes Assistant professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج- ایران