Aim and background: One of the world's important pharmaceutical resources is Greater Celandine. Since the genetic diversity of this plant is not assessed in the global studies, this study investigates the genetic diversity in Greater Celandine via molecular markers ISSR in 14 ecotypes.

Materials and methods: DNA was extracted from young leaves of all the genotypes using the CTAB method. The ISSR products were scored for the presence (1) and absence (0) of each primer. Clustering result of molecular data was divided distinctly into 7 quite genetic groups.

Results: primers (CA) 8G provided the most polymorphism (92.8) among the primers. The lowest genetic similarity was 0.16 between two samples Shirgah (C16) and Siahkolah (C30).

Conclusion: The results of classified cluster clearly indicated that there is no relation between molecular diversity and geographical variety.  It seems that it might be possible that one sample of a geographical region is migrated to another region being distanced from its primary source.