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Aim and Background : Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infectious diseases in human. Escherichia coli is the causal pathogen in UTIs. For treatment of UTIs, fluoroquinolones are used. fluoroqinolones-resistant E. coli was showed by alterations in the genes that encode for the quinolone target subunits. Materials and Methods: one hundred isolates of the urinary samples were collected. E. coli isolates were identified by biochemical tests. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of fluoroquinolones were determined for isolates. DNA was extracted and PCR amplification was carried out for the specific regions of gyrA and parC genes. Then amplified regions were sequenced. Results:rom 100 samples, 70 samples were E. coli, 30 samples were Kellebsiella. Evaluating MICs for 70 E. coli isolates to fluoroquinolones, it was found that 45 (64.28%) were resistant to quinolones. Sequencing of gyrA and parC specific subunits has revealed five single mutations in the gyrA gene and two single mutations in parC gene. Cunclusion: Fluroquinolones are potent antibacterial agents for treatment of UTIs. Mutations of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV associate with the fluoroquinolones resistance in E. coli. Results have indicated a relationship between MICs of the quinolones for E. coli isolates with mutations in gyrA and parC genes. This study also signifies an association between mutations in gyrA and parC genes in E. coli isolates with fluoroquinolone resistance.

Keywords: E. coli, Fluoroqinolones, gyrA and parC genes, Urinary tract infection (UTIs).

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